Exploration of Oil and Gas Reserves Constrained by Capital
The need for oil and gas in the country is getting higher. However, the investment climate is not yet supportive. Madya Finance and Monetization Specialist SKK Migas A. Rinto Pudyantoro stated that oil consumption in Indonesia will continue to rise around 8 percent per year.
"By 2025, our consumption is estimated to reach 1.9 million barrels per day (bopd)," he said during a workshop in Jogjakarta yesterday (8/11).
On the other hand, domestic oil production is predicted to continue falling by 15-20 percent until 2025 and reaching only 450 thousand barrels per day. That is, Indonesia deficit of 1.5 million barrels per day. Rinto explained, what SKK Migas is doing is optimizing the existing field or existing with enhanced oil recovery (EOR) system.
"If we do not do anything (do not use EOR), by 2050 our oil production is predicted to be less than 100 thousand barrels per
day, "he explained.
"If we only optimize the existing field with the EOR system, our most production is only 173 thousand barrels per day," continued Rinto. Another way that can be done is to add new reserves. However, until now the way is considered to be a problem.
"In fact, the potential of oil and gas in Indonesia is there. What we have produced now, both oil and gas, is 41.2 billion barrels of oil equivalent (bboe). Our potential oil and gas reserves reach 11 bboe, "Rinto said.
In addition, the reserves of oil and gas reserves that have not found approximately 84.4 bboe.
"We have to look for it, we need capital and investment to find and add new reserves," he said.
Currently the main project SKK Migas for oil is in the field Ande-Ande Lumut. Now still entering the EPC tender stage. It is estimated that by 2021 its production will reach 20 thousand barrels per day.
Head of Representative of Oil and Gas Migas Jabanusa Ali Masyhar said, for oil, East Java is the national mainstay. For example, the Banyu Urip field has produced 200 thousand-206 thousand barrels per day. That is, if our national production of 800 thousand to 815 thousand barrels per day, means Banyu Urip supports 25-30 percent, "he explained.
According to him, if not found new fields, of course the production will further decline again.
"Later, near Banyu Urip, there is a field of Kedung Keris, but it's just about to develop, with a maximum potential of about 10,000 bopd," he said.
Ali stepped in, many obstacles in the field to find new reserves. For example, land acquisition issues and duration of licensing. Similarly, social problems that can arise when the execution.
"Therefore, investment in oil and gas is not attractive," he said.
If that is the case, on the one hand the higher oil consumption can not be withheld.
"On the other hand, accelerating investment in this field has many challenges," he said.
Cooperation Press Operational Cost
Meanwhile, oil and gas production costs are increasing every year to make KKKS (contractor cooperation contract) to make efficiency. Well, to reduce the operating costs of KKKS, the Special Unit for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Unit (SKK Migas) has made a strategic agreement with Solar Turbines International Company.
Head of SKK Migas Amien Sunaryadi said the savings come from the same purchase and maintenance discounts for all KKKS in Indonesia.
"Solar Turbines is also responsible for spare parts management of the use of machines in Indonesia," he explained (8/11).
The estimated savings from the deal in five years is estimated to reach USD 40.67 million or around Rp 550 billion.
"Not only to get cost efficiency, most importantly, this cooperation will increase national capacity," said Amien.
He explained that the cooperation is expected to increase the use of domestic components for the oil and gas sector. Currently Solar Turbines become the largest turbomachimary equipment used in Indonesia Percentage reaches 81 percent.
Deputy of Controlling Procurement of SKK Migas Djoko Siswanto added, In addition to cost efficiency and national capacity building, the agreement can minimize the termination of unplanned shutdown. According to him, before there is a strategic agreement, often found some problems in the field. For example, there is a discount difference between KKKS.
President Director of PT Indoturbines Deny B. Kumianto admitted, the amount of discount is very diverse The value depends on the purchase amount of each KKKS.
IN INDONESIA
Konsumsi Tinggi, Produksi Semakin Turun
Eksplorasi Cadangan Migas Terkendala Modal
Kebutuhan minyak dan gas dalam negeri makin tinggi. Namun, iklim investasi belum mendukung. Spesialis Madya Keuangan dan Monetisasi SKK Migas A. Rinto Pudyantoro menyatakan, konsumsi minyak di Indonesia akan terus mengalami kenaikan sekitar 8 persen per tahun.
"Pada 2025, diperkirakan konsumsi kita mencapai 1,9 juta barel per hari (bopd)," katanya dalam lokakarya di Jogjakarta kemarin (8/11).
Di sisi lain, produksi minyak dalam negeri diprediksi terus turun 15-20 persen sampai 2025 dan hanya mencapai 450 ribu barel per hari. Artinya, Indonesia defisit 1,5 juta barel per hari. Rinto menjelaskan, yang dilakukan SKK Migas adalah mengoptimalkan lapangan yang ada atau existing dengan sistem enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
"Kalau kita tidak melakukan apa-apa (tidak pakai EOR), pada 2050 produksi minyak kita diprediksi tidak sampai 100 ribu barel per
hari,” jelasnya.
"Bila kita hanya mengoptimalkan lapangan yang ada dengan sistem EOR, paling banyak produksi kita hanya 173 ribu barel per hari," Ianjut Rinto. Cara lain yang bisa dilakukan adalah menambah cadangan baru. Namun, sampai saat ini cara tersebut dianggap menjadi persoalan.
”Padahal, sebenarnya potensi migas di Indonesia itu ada. Yang sudah kita produksi sekarang, baik minyak maupun gas, adalah 41,2 billion barrel of oil equivalent (bboe). Cadangan migas potensial kita mencapai 11 bboe,” kata Rinto.
Selain itu, cadangan migas yang tempatnya belum ditemukan sekitar 84,4 bboe.
"Kami harus mencari itu. Dibutuhkan modal dan investasi untuk mencari dan menambah cadangan baru. lni menjadi kendala," tuturnya.
Saat ini main project SKK Migas untuk minyak berada di lapangan Ande-Ande Lumut. Sekarang masih memasuki tahap tender EPC. Diperkirakan, pada 2021 produksinya mencapai 20 ribu barel per hari.
Kepala Perwakilan SKK Migas Jabanusa Ali Masyhar menyebut, untuk minyak, Jawa Timur adalah andalan nasional. Misalnya, lapangan Banyu Urip sudah memproduksi 200 ribu-206 ribu barel per hari. Artinya, kalau produksi kita secara nasional 800 ribu sampai 815 ribu barel per hari, berarti Banyu Urip mendukung 25-30 persen," paparnya.
Menurut dia, jika tidak ditemukan lapangan-lapangan baru, tentu produksi bakal lebih menurun lagi.
"Nanti di dekat Banyu Urip ada lapangan Kedung Keris, tapi baru saja mau di development. Potensinya maksimal sekitar 10 ribu bopd. Sekarang masih siap-siap, belum tahu produksi kapan," jelasnya.
Ali mengunggkapkan, banyak hambatan di lapangan untuk menemukan cadangan-cadangan baru. Misalnya, masalah pembebasan lahan dan lamanya perizinan. Begitu pula masalah sosial yang bisa muncul ketika eksekusi.
"Karena itulah, investasi di dunia migas tidak menarik" ungkapnya.
Bila itulah yang terjadi, di satu pihak konsumsi minyak yang makin tinggi tidak bisa ditahan.
"Di pihak lain, mempercepat investasi di bidang ini memiliki banyak tantangan,” katanya.
Kerja Sama Tekan Biaya Operasional
Sementara itu, biaya produksi migas yang terus naik setiap tahun membuat KKKS (kontraktor kontrak kerja sama) melakukan efisiensi. Nah, untuk menekan biaya operasi KKKS, Satuan Kerja Khusus Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas Bumi (SKK Migas) membuat kesepakatan strategis dengan Solar Turbines International Company.
Kepala SKK Migas Amien Sunaryadi menyatakan, penghematan berasal dari diskon pembelian dan perawatan yang sama untuk seluruh KKKS di Indonesia.
"Solar Turbines juga bertanggung jawab atas pengelolaan suku cadang terhadap penggunaan mesin-mesin di Indonesia," jelasnya (8/11).
Estimasi penghematan dari kesepakatan tersebut dalam lima tahun diperkirakan mencapai USD 40,67 juta atau sekitar Rp 550 miliar.
”Tidak hanya untuk mendapatkan efisiensi biaya, yang paling penting, kerja sama ini akan meningkatkan kapasitas nasional," kata Amien.
Dia menjelaskan, kerja sama tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penggunaan komponen dalam negeri untuk sektor migas. Saat ini Solar Turbines menjadi peralatan turbomachimary terbesar yang digunakan di Indonesia Persentasenya mencapai 81 persen.
Deputi Pengendalian Pengadaan SKK Migas Djoko Siswanto menambahkan, Selain efisiensi biaya dan peningkatan kapasitas nasional, kesepakatan tersebut dapat meminimalkan penghentian operasi yang tidak direncanakan (unplanned shutdown). Menurut dia, sebelum ada kesepakatan strategis itu, kerap ditemukan beberapa permasalahan di lapangan. Contohnya, adanya perbedaan diskon di antara KKKS.
Direktur Utama PT Indoturbines Deny B. Kumianto mengakui, besaran diskon sangat beragam Nilainya bergantung jumlah pembelian setiap KKKS.
Jawa Pos, Page-6, Thursday, Nov 9, 2017
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