Spur Lifting 1 Million Barrels

Dwi Soetjipto spurred his bicycle fast. Rocky ground that is still wet because of the rain last night passed through it easily. Splashes of water can be seen occasionally when a bicycle wheel splits a puddle.

Dwi Soetjipto

The sun has not been very hot, but the man who served as the Head of the Special Task Force for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (SKK Migas) was like a race against time. After riding the bike for about 10 minutes, he finally stopped at an area of ​​green pasture. It appears only heavy equipment surrounded by iron chains.

Dwi, then stopped right in front of a rusty board that read Rhinoceros 1, which was the first gas well in Indonesia to produce. It was first drilled on 27 November 1971 and currently the Badak 1 well, in the Badak Field, Sanga Sanga Block is no longer in production.

Sanga Sanga Block

A visit to the old well on Saturday (12/28/2019) closed his trip for 3 days 2 nights in East Kalimantan. Near the end of 2019, there were two oil and gas block operators he visited, namely Senipah Terminal operated by Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM) and Pertamina Hulu Sanga Sanga (PHSS). Specifically at the Senipah Terminal, he reviewed the year-end lifting readiness.

The Mahakam Block East Borneo

According to the schedule, PHM will carry out lifting at the end of the year on 30 and 31 December 2019 with 175 million barrels of oil per day (MBOPD) of Bekapai Crude Oil and 350 MBOPD of Handil Mix Crude (HMC) respectively.

As of December 20, 2019, Senipah Terminal has carried out 74 oil shipments with an average of six to nine times each month. Outlook 2019, Senipah Terminal is targeting to be able to produce oil of 35.7 MBOPD with a lifting of 36.1 MBOPD. 

    The lifting amount covers 99% of the target work program and budget (WP&B) agreed by the Cooperation Contract Contractor (KKKS) together with SKK Migas. Meanwhile, if it is adjusted to the central government's target, the amount of lifting still covers 71.6% of the APBN target.

Realization until 22 December 2019, Senipah Terminal has produced 35.7 MBOPD with 34.6 MBOPD liftings. Oil and gas production in the Mahakam Block experienced a peak in the 1980s. After that, a natural decline in production occurs. Moreover, gas production such as balloons which when stabbed or drilled will experience high production but slowly decreases dramatically. Unlike the relatively flat oil production.

Dwi Soetjipto acknowledged the efforts made by PHM to hold the rate of decline in production were very massive, starting from optimizing the baseline interventions of existing and new wells, and lowering the pressure in existing fields. 

    However, he admitted that the APBN lifting target was not in accordance with the conditions on the ground. For example, the gas lifting target in the Mahakam Block based on the 2019 National Budget is 1,100 million cubic feet per day (MMSCFD), but the realization is only around 720 MMSCFD.

"The Mahakam Block even when Total [operated by Total before the transition to Pertamina Upstream Mahakam] was red, the figure was below 700 [MMSCFD]," he said.

Dwi is optimistic that the Indonesian oil and gas industry will one day enter the second golden era. He gave an example that the United States, which was previously the world's largest oil importer, is now able to become an exporter country thanks to advanced oil drainage with the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique. In 2030, Indonesia is believed to be able to lift 1 million barrels of oil per day. Followed by natural gas lifting of 12,000 MMSCFD.

Like driving a bicycle fast, Dwi Soetjipto tried to realize the dream. There are four strategies that will be carried out, namely optimizing existing fields, making reserve wells for production, EOR, and aggressively conducting exploration. 

   Specifically in the Mahakam Block, SKK Migas has approved the Optimization of the Development of the First Field (OPLL-1) PHM of 257 wells in five sector areas namely 200 in the Tunu field, 18 wells in the Handil field, 8 wells in the Tambora field, 22 wells in the Peciko field, and 9 wells in the Bekapai field.

The well's potential resource is believed to be 279 billion cubic feet / BCF and 9 million barrels of oil / MMbbl. Later, field optimization will be followed by the next OPLL. Specifically OPLL-1, will guarantee the development of Mahakam Block production until 2022.

"The SKG MIgas began to change, the Mahakam OPLL was the first to be approved with the highest number of wells in only one approval, which is 257 wells. Usually only 10 of these wells are approved and specifically for Mahakam, "he said.

SKK Migas is also currently evaluating the PHSS OPLL proposal in the Sanga Sanga Block. The plan, PHSS will drill 755 wells which are believed to be able to encourage production until 2031. Exploration is also encouraged in other blocks. In fact, currently, SKK Migas is fighting for a number of incentives that are able to be received by KKKS in managing uneconomic fields.

These incentives can be in the form of taxation, credit, or profit-sharing schemes. Director of Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM) Eko Agus Sardjono said that his party needed incentives from the government because the fields to be produced were not included in the economic scale. 

     In 2020, PHM plans to drill 115 development wells and two exploration wells. Pertamina Upstream General Manager Sanga-Sanga Ateng Surahman also claimed to need support from the government to increase the economic value of the project due to the small nature of the reservoir.

At present, PHSS oil lifting is 10,500 BOPD and gas is 67 MMSCFD. PHSS began to drill 4 new wells in 2018 and continued in 2019. 27 wells were aimed at increasing production. In 2020, the plan is to drill 40 oil and gas wells.

IN INDONESIA

Memacu Lifting 1 Juta Barel

Dwi Soetjipto memacu kencang sepedanya. Tanah berbatu yang masih basah karena hujan semalam di lewatinya dengan mudah. Cipratan air sesekali terlihat ketika roda sepeda membelah genangan.

Matahari belum begitu terik, tetapi pria yang menjabat sebagai Kepala Satuan Kerja Khusus Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas Bumi (SKK Migas) itu seperti berlomba dengan waktu. Setelah mengayuh sepeda kurang lebih 10 menit, akhirnya dia berhenti di sebuah area padang rumput hijau. Tampak hanya sebuah alat berat yang dikelilingi rantai-rantai besi. 

Dwi ,kemudian berhenti tepat di depan papan berkarat bertuliskan Badak 1, yang merupakan sumur gas pertama di Indonesia berproduksi. Pertama kali dibor pada 27 November 1971 dan saat ini sumur Badak 1, di Lapangan Badak Blok Sanga Sanga sudah tidak berproduksi lagi.

Kunjungan ke sumur tua pada Sabtu (28/12/2019) itu menutup perjalanannya selama 3 hari 2 malam di Kalimantan Timur. Jelang akhir tahun 2019, ada dua operator blok migas yang dikunjunginya yakni Terminal Senipah yang dioperatori Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM) dan Pertamina Hulu Sanga Sanga (PHSS). Khusus di Terminal Senipah, dia meninjau kesiapan lifting akhir tahun. 

Menurut jadwal, PHM akan melakukan lifting akhir tahun pada 30 dan 31 Desember 2019 dengan masing-masing sebesar 175 million barrel oil per day (MBOPD) Bekapai Crude Oil dan 350 MBOPD Handil Mix Crude (HMC).

Adapun hingga 20 Desember 2019, Terminal Senipah telah melakukan 74 kali pengapalan minyak dengan rata-rata setiap bulan sebanyak enam hingga sembilan kali. Outlook 2019, Terminal Senipah menarget mampu memproduksi minyak sebesar 35,7 MBOPD dengan lifting 36,1 MBOPD. 

     Besaran lifting tersebut menliputi 99% target work program and budget (WP&B) yang disetujui Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama (KKKS) bersama SKK Migas. Sementara itu, jika disesuaikan dengan target pemerintah pusat, besaran lifting itu masih mencakup 71,6% dari target APBN.

Realisasi hingga 22 Desember 2019, Terminal Senipah telah memproduksi 35,7 MBOPD dengan lifting 34,6 MBOPD. Produksi migas di Blok Mahakam mengalami puncak kejayaan pada era 1980-an. Setelahnya, penurunan produksi secara alami atau natural decline terjadi. 

    Apalagi, produksi gas seperti balon yang ketika ditusuk atau dibor akan mengalami produksi tinggi tetapi perlahan menurun drastis. Berbeda dengan produksi minyak yang relatif datar.

Dwi Soetjipto mengakui, upaya yang dilakukan PHM untuk menahan laju penurunan produksi sangat masif mulai dari optimalisasi baseline intervensi sumur eksisting maupun sumur baru, dan lowering pressure di lapangan-lapangan eksisting. 

      Namun, target lifting APBN diakuinya memang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi di lapangan. Misalnya, target lifting gas di Blok Mahakam berdasarkan APBN 2019 adalah sebesar 1.100 juta kaki kubik per hari (MMSCFD), tetapi realisasinya hanya mencapai sekitar 720 MMSCFD.

“ Blok Mahakam bahkan saat Total [dioperatori Total sebelum transisi ke Pertamina Hulu Mahakam] pun merah, angkanya di bawah 700 [MMSCFD],” katanya.

Dwi optimistis industri minyak dan gas di Indonesia kelak akan memasuki second golden era. Dia mencontohkan Amerika Serikat, yang sebelumnya menjadi importir minyak terbesar dunia, kini justru mampu menjadi negara eksportir berkat pengurasan minyak tahap lanjut dengan teknik Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). Pada 2030, Indonesia diyakini akan mampu melakukan lifting 1 juta barel minyak per hari. Diikuti dengan lifting gas bumi sebesar 12.000 MMSCFD.

Seperti memacu sepeda dengan kencang, Dwi Soetjipto berupaya merealisasikan mimpi tersebut. Ada empat strategi yang akan dilakukan yakni optimalisasi lapangan eksisting, menjadikan sumur-sumur cadangan untuk bisa berproduksi, EOR, dan gencar melakukan eksplorasi. 

   Khusus di Blok Mahakam, SKK Migas telah menyetujui Optimasi Pengembangan Lapangan Lapangan Pertama (OPLL-1) PHM sebanyak 257 sumur di lima sektor area yakni 200 di lapangan Tunu, 18 sumur di lapangan Handil, 8 sumur di lapangan Tambora, 22 sumur di lapangan Peciko, dan 9 sumur di lapangan Bekapai.

Potensi sumber daya sumur tersebut diyakini sebanyak 279 miliar kaki kubik/BCF dan 9 million barrels of oil/MMbbl. Nantinya, optimalisasi lapangan akan diikuti dengan OPLL selanjutnya. Khusus OPLL-1, akan menjamin pengembangan produksi Blok Mahakam hingga 2022.

“SKK MIgas mulai berubah, OPLL Mahakam merupakan yang pertama kali disetujui dengan jumlah sumur terbanyak hanya dalam satu approval yakni 257 sumur.

Biasanya hanya 10 sumur ini sekali persetujuan dan khusus untuk Mahakam,” katanya.

SKK Migas juga saat ini sedang melakukan evaluasi proposal OPLL PHSS di Blok Sanga Sanga. Rencananya, PHSS akan mengebor 755 sumur yang diyakini

akan mampu mendorong produksi hingga 2031. Eksplorasi juga didorong di blok blok lain. Bahkan, saat ini SKK Migas sedang memperjuangkan sejumlah insentif yang mampu diterima KKKS dalam mengelola lapangan-lapangan yang tidak ekonomis. 

Insentif tersebut dapat berupa perpajakan, kredit, maupun skema bagi hasil. Direktur Utama Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM) Eko Agus Sardjono mengatakan, pihaknya membutuhkan insentif dari pemerintah karena lapangan-lapangan yang akan diproduksi tersebut tidak masuk dalam skala keekonomian. 

     Pada 2020, PHM berencana mengebor 115 sumur pengembangan dan dua sumur eksplorasi. General Manager Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga Ateng Surahman juga mengaku butuh dukungan dari pemerintah untuk meningkatkan nilai keekonomian proyek karena sifat reservoar yang kecil-kecil.

Saat ini, lifting minyak PHSS sebesar 10.500 BOPD dan gas sebesar 67 MMSCFD. PHSS mulai mengebor sumur baru pada 2018 sebanyak 4 sumur dan dilanjutkan pada 2019. sebanyak 27 sumur dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi. Pada 2020, rencananya akan dilakukan pengeboran 40 sumur migas. 

Bisnis Indonesia, Page-9, Monday, Dec 30, 2019