Supertanker Supports Energy Security

The operation of supertankers for loading and unloading oil and gas is important for energy security. The distribution of large volumes of oil and gas through the sea, after being exploited and produced on land, is more efficient and efficient using supertankers. 

      In 2019, up to the first semester, national oil production will be 752,000 barrels per day (BPD) or 97 percent of the national target. Of the 725,000 BPD, ExxonMobil's 220,000 BPD was produced from the Banyu Urip Field, which will soon add 10,000 BPD from the Kedung Keris Field in Bojonegoro, East Java.

the Banyu Urip Field ExxonMobil

Oil from Bojonegoro has flowed through a 72 kilometer (km) pipeline to a facility in Palang, Tuban, East Java. Subsequently, it will be channeled again 23 km through an underwater pipeline to the mooring tower, the location of the Gagak Rimang Floating Storage and Storage (FSO) loading ship. If the 2.1 million barrels of oil supertanker is disrupted, the field cannot continue production.

FSO Gagak Rimang

"In the production-ready for sale or lifting oil from the field depends on the readiness of ships such as FSO Gagak Rimang," said SKK Business Support Specialist Migas Jabanusa (Java Bali Nusa Tenggara) Ami Hermawati in Kompas Talk at Kompas Editor in Surabaya, East Java.

The Banyuurip Field

The discussion with the theme "The Role of Floating Storage and Offloading / Crowding Rimang FSO as Supporting Banyu Urip Field Operations for National Energy Security" presented speakers from ExxonMobil Cepu Limited (EMCL), SKK Migas (Special Work Unit for Implementing Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities), and University academics Airlangga, and Surabaya State Shipping Polytechnic (PPNS).

ExxonMobil Offshore Installation Manager Singgih Sugiharto added that the first oil transfer from FSO Gagak Rimang to the buyer's supertankers took place in April 2015. The ship with a deadweight of 302,000 DWT or included in the VLCC (very large crude carrier) category had done 512 liftings.

     That is a month of 11-12 times the loading and unloading of oil from Crow Rimang which has 17 tanks to other ships. Gagak Rimang only serves the transfer of oil to 50,000-300,000 DWT supertankers. The distribution of oil from the field to the mooring tower and FSO Gagak Rimang requires at least 18 hours. Oil from Crow Bimang is taken by large ships that ship to domestic refineries, namely Dumai, Plaju, Cilacap, Balikpapan, and Balongan.

Energy Resistance

Unair Vice Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Business Unair Rudi Purwono said the reliability of production in the Cepu Block and the FSO Gagak Rimang operation determines the resilience of the national energy system. If disturbed, 220,000 BPD of oil will be late to the public. The issue of energy availability is very sensitive.

"On the other hand, oil consumption is still 1.5 million barrels so that Indonesia is forced to import. Don't let the import balance increase because consumption rises, "said Rudi.

If imports expand, energy security is threatened. PPNS Director Eko Julianto said the existence of FSO Gagak Rimang shows that the sea is still the future of energy production and distribution. Marine technology education institutions should welcome it by preparing skilled and competent graduates so they can fulfill the qualifications to work on the supertanker ships. At oil lifting locations, maneuvering of fishing vessels could jeopardize the transfer of inter-ship oil from FSO Gagak Rimang to other supertankers.

"With a length of 330 meters, the ship requires a broad sterile radius for maneuver. Likewise, the buyer ships, "said Singgih.

At least 500 meters from the radius of FSO Gagak Rimang must be sterile from fishing activities. Therefore the temperature of the oil pipe is warm and light bright in the Crow Rimang installation in the middle of the sea, the location was a place for fish to gather. The condition also made the fishermen join in searching for fish near the installation in the sea.

IN INDONESIA

Supertanker Menunjang Ketahanan Energi

Pengoperasian supertanker untuk bongkar muat minyak dan gas penting bagi ketahanan energi. Distribusi migas bervolume besar melalui laut, setelah dieksploitasi dan diproduksi di darat, lebih efisien dan hemat menggunakan supertanker. Tahun 2019, hingga lewat semester I, produksi minyak nasional 752.000 barel per hari (bph) atau 97 persen target nasional. 

     Dari 725.000 bph itu, sebesar 220.000 bph dihasilkan ExxonMobil dari Lapangan Banyu Urip, yang segera akan bertambah 10.000 bph dari Lapangan Kedung Keris di Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur.

Minyak dari Bojonegoro itu dialirkan melalui pipa sepanjang 72 kilometer (km) ke fasilitas di Palang, Tuban-Jawa Timur. Selanjutnya, dialirkan lagi 23 km lewat pipa bawah laut ke mooring tower, lokasi tertambatnya kapal alir muat Floating Storage and Offloading/FSO) Gagak Rimang. Jika supertanker berkapasitas 2,1 juta barel minyak itu terganggu, lapangan tak bisa melanjutkan produksi.

”Keandalam produksi siap jual atau lifting minyak dari lapangan bergantung kesiapan kapal seperti FSO Gagak Rimang,” kata Spesialis Dukungan Bisnis SKK

Migas Jabanusa (Jawa Bali Nusa Tenggara) Ami Hermawati dalam Bincang Kompas di Redaksi Kompas Biro Surabaya, Jawa Timur.

Diskusi bertema ”Peran Floating Storage and Offloading/FSO Gagak Rimang sebagai Penunjang Operasi Lapangan Banyu Urip untuk Ketahanan Energi Nasional” itu menghadirkan narasumber dari ExxonMobil Cepu Limited, SKK Migas (Satuan Kerja Khusus Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas Bumi), serta akademisi Universitas Airlangga, dan Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya (PPNS).

Manajer Instalasi Lepas Pantai ExxonMobil Singgih Sugiharto menambahkan pemindahan minyak perdana dari FSO Gagak Rimang ke supertanker pembeli terjadi April 2015. Kapal berbobot mati 302.000 DWT atau masuk kategori VLCC (very large crude carrier) ini sudah melakukan 512 lifting. Artinya, sebulan terjadi 11-12 kali bongkar muat minyak dari Gagak Rimang yang memiliki 17 tangki ke kapal-kapal lain. 

    Gagak Rimang hanya melayani pemindahan minyak ke supertanker 50.000-300.000 DWT. Penyaluran minyak dari lapangan ke mooring tower dan FSO Gagak Rimang setidaknya perlu 18 jam. Minyak dari Gagak Bimang diambil kapal-kapal besar yang mengirim ke kilang-kilang domestik, yakni Dumai, Plaju, Cilacap, Balikpapan, dan Balongan.

Ketahanan Energi 

Wakil Dekan Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Unair Rudi Purwono mengatakan, keandalan produksi di Blok Cepu dan operasional FSO Gagak Rimang menentukan ketangguhan sistem energi nasional. Jika terganggu, 220.000 bph minyak akan terlambat sampai ke masyarakat. Isu ketersediaan energi sangat sensitif. 

”Di sisi lain, konsumsi minyak masih 1,5 juta barel sehingga Indonesia terpaksa mengimpor. Jangan sampai neraca impornya membesar karena konsumsi naik,” kata Rudi. 

Jika impor membesar, ketahanan energi terancam. Direktur PPNS Eko Julianto mengatakan, keberadaan FSO Gagak Rimang memperlihatkan bahwa laut masih masa depan produksi dan distribusi energi. Lembaga pendidikan teknologi kelautan patut menyambutnya dengan menyiapkan lulusan yang ahli dan kompeten sehingga bisa memenuhi kualifikasi berkarya di kapal-kapal supertanker itu. Di lokasi lifting minyak, manuver kapal-kapal nelayan bisa membahayakan pemindahan minyak antar-kapal dari FSO Gagak Rimang ke supertanker lain. 

”Dengan panjang 330 meter, kapal memerlukan radius steril luas untuk manuver. Begitu juga kapal-kapal pembeli,” kata Singgih. 

Setidaknya, 500 meter dari radius FSO Gagak Rimang harus steril dari aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Oleh karena suhu pipa minyak yang hangat dan cahaya terang di instalasi Gagak Rimang di tengah laut, lokasi itu menjadi tempat ikan berkumpul. Kondisi itu juga membuat para nelayan turut mencari ikan di dekat instalasi di laut tersebut.

Kompas, Page-15, Wednesday, 11 Dec 2019